Cambodia Health Care

Public healthcare in Cambodia is managed by the Ministry of Health and provides basic medical services through a network of public hospitals and health centres. However, the public healthcare system faces considerable challenges, including limited funding, outdated facilities, and a shortage of qualified medical professionals, particularly in rural areas. While essential services such as vaccinations, maternal care, and emergency treatment are available at minimal cost, the quality and reliability of care can be inconsistent.

For expatriates, depending solely on public healthcare is generally not recommended for complex or specialised treatments. Public hospitals in cities like Phnom Penh or Siem Reap offer better services than rural clinics, but they may still fall short of the standards expected by international residents. Public facilities can be overcrowded, and English-speaking medical staff are often limited.

Most expatriates prefer to use private healthcare providers or travel abroad for advanced medical care. It is strongly advised that expats secure comprehensive health insurance, which typically covers treatment at private hospitals in Cambodia as well as medical evacuation if necessary. Being aware of the public system’s limitations is essential for planning your healthcare arrangements whilst living in Cambodia.

Private healthcare in Cambodia is the preferred choice for most expatriates due to its higher standards of care, modern facilities, and greater availability of English-speaking medical staff. Private hospitals and clinics, particularly in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, offer a wide range of services, including general medicine, specialist consultations, diagnostics, and minor surgical procedures. Some private hospitals in Cambodia are operated in partnership with international healthcare organisations, ensuring care that meets global standards.

While private healthcare is significantly more expensive than public services, it is still generally more affordable compared to Western countries. However, for complex treatments or major surgeries, many expatriates choose to travel to neighbouring countries such as Thailand or Vietnam, where specialist care is more advanced.

Most private clinics in Cambodia operate on a pay-as-you-go basis, so it is essential for expatriates to have comprehensive health insurance that covers both local treatment and medical evacuation if necessary. It’s advisable to research and choose reputable private healthcare providers in advance, as standards can vary between facilities.

Private healthcare offers expats greater comfort, reduced waiting times, and a better overall patient experience, making it the most reliable option for day-to-day medical needs while living in Cambodia.

Health insurance is not legally required for expatriates living in Cambodia, but it is strongly recommended. While medical costs in Cambodia are generally lower than in Western countries, private healthcare, the preferred choice for most expats, can still become expensive, especially in cases of serious illness or emergency treatment. Without adequate insurance, out-of-pocket expenses can be significant, and medical evacuation to neighbouring countries for specialised care can cost thousands of pounds.

Expats in Cambodia have the option to choose between local health insurance policies and international health insurance plans. Local insurance is typically more affordable but often comes with limitations, such as lower benefit caps, exclusions for pre-existing conditions, and restrictions to treatment within Cambodia. Some local insurers may also have limited networks of hospitals and clinics.

International health insurance plans, while more costly, provide broader coverage and greater flexibility. These plans usually include inpatient and outpatient care, emergency medical evacuation, and access to private hospitals both within Cambodia and abroad. For expats who travel frequently or prefer the reassurance of international-standard care, global health plans are often the best choice. Optional add-ons, such as dental, maternity, or mental health cover, are also commonly available.

Premiums for expat health insurance will vary depending on factors such as age, medical history, level of cover, and the insurer. As a rough estimate, international health insurance for a healthy expat in their 30s might start from £1,200 to £2,800 per year, while local policies may be significantly cheaper but with reduced benefits. Policies can be purchased directly from insurers, through brokers, or as part of relocation packages.

English-speaking medical staff are more commonly found in private hospitals and clinics, especially those that cater to expatriates. However, in public hospitals and rural healthcare centres, English proficiency among medical staff can be very limited. Expats seeking medical care are advised to choose reputable private facilities where communication in English is available and medical professionals are accustomed to treating foreign patients.

Top hospitals in Cambodia are mostly located in Phnom Penh and Siem Reap. Leading private hospitals include Royal Phnom Penh Hospital and Sunrise Japan Hospital in Phnom Penh, and Jayavarman International Hospital in Siem Reap. These facilities offer modern equipment and international standards of care, making them the preferred choice for expatriates seeking quality medical treatment within Cambodia.

Hospitals in Cambodia, particularly private ones, offer a range of services including general consultations, diagnostics, laboratory tests, and outpatient care. Many provide specialist services such as maternity care, dentistry, physiotherapy, and minor surgeries. Advanced treatments like emergency care, intensive care units (ICUs), and some specialised surgeries are available at top private hospitals. However, for complex or high-risk procedures, patients often travel abroad. Pharmacies and basic rehabilitation services are also commonly accessible within hospital facilities.

Admission to hospitals in Cambodia typically begins with a consultation or emergency visit, where medical staff assess the patient’s condition. For scheduled procedures, prior appointments and paperwork are required. Public hospitals often have longer waiting times and a more bureaucratic process, while private hospitals offer quicker admissions with more personalised service. Payment or proof of insurance is usually requested before admission in private facilities.

Healthcare costs in Cambodian hospitals vary widely. Public hospitals are generally inexpensive but may have hidden fees and longer waits. Private hospitals charge significantly more, especially for specialist consultations, diagnostics, and surgeries. While still cheaper than many Western countries, costs can add up quickly, particularly for advanced treatments or emergencies. Expats should budget for private care or overseas treatment and ensure they have adequate health insurance to cover unexpected expenses.

Private hospitals in Cambodia typically provide modern facilities with clean, air-conditioned rooms and private wards. Amenities may include Wi-Fi, international cuisine, and 24-hour nursing care. Public hospitals often lack these comforts and can be overcrowded and less hygienic. For expats accustomed to Western standards, private hospitals offer a more comfortable and reassuring healthcare environment.

Most private hospitals in Cambodia accept international health insurance, but coverage can vary. It’s essential to verify with your insurer beforehand. Public hospitals rarely accept insurance directly, requiring out-of-pocket payment. Always confirm payment and insurance policies prior to treatment.

Before moving to Cambodia, expats should ensure they are up to date with routine vaccinations such as measles, mumps, rubella (MMR), tetanus, and polio. Additional recommended vaccines include hepatitis A and B, typhoid, Japanese encephalitis, and rabies, depending on lifestyle and location. Malaria is present in some rural areas, so antimalarial medication may be advised. It’s best to consult a travel health specialist before arrival to tailor vaccination needs and preventive measures based on personal health and travel plans.

Cambodia presents several health risks that expats should be aware of. Vector-borne diseases like dengue fever and malaria are common, especially during the rainy season and in rural areas. Mosquito protection is essential to reduce the risk of these illnesses. Waterborne diseases such as typhoid, cholera, and hepatitis A can occur due to unsafe drinking water or food hygiene issues, so drinking bottled or filtered water is recommended. Foodborne illnesses, including bacterial infections and parasites, are also a concern; careful food selection and preparation can help prevent these. Respiratory infections, including tuberculosis, are prevalent, particularly in crowded areas. Finally, road traffic accidents are a leading cause of injury due to challenging driving conditions and limited road safety enforcement, so caution is advised when travelling.